{"id":11779,"date":"2025-10-14T20:13:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T20:13:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=11779"},"modified":"2025-10-14T20:13:06","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T20:13:06","slug":"phytochemical-investigation-and-in-vitro-cytotoxic-assessment-of-senecio-rowleyanus-family-asteraceae-cultivated-in-iraq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=11779","title":{"rendered":"Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Cytotoxic Assessment of Senecio rowleyanus (Family: Asteraceae) Cultivated in Iraq"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">The College of Pharmacy discussed the MSc thesis entitled \u201cPhytochemical Investigation and <em>In Vitro<\/em> Cytotoxic Assessment of <em>Senecio rowleyanus<\/em> (Family: Asteraceae) Cultivated in Iraq\u201d by the student Nabaa Adil Chitheer and the supervisor, Professor Dr. Enas Jawad Kadhim, at the Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">The study aimed to assess the phytochemical constituents of the plant <em>Senecio rowleyanus<\/em> cultivated in Iraq, and to evaluate the <em>in vitro<\/em> cytotoxic effects of its n-hexane extract against AMJ13 breast cancer cell line.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">The study included macerating the whole plant with n-hexane for defatting, followed by sequential Soxhlet extraction using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and 85% ethanol in increasing polarity. Phytochemical constituents were identified through chemical tests, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while the n-hexane extract was further analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compounds isolation was achieved using CombiFlash, HPLC, and preparative layer chromatography (PLC), and the isolated compounds were characterized by TLC, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), HPLC (spiking method), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (\u00b9H NMR) spectroscopy. The cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane extract in concentrations ranging from 31.75 to 1000 \u00b5g\/mL was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on AMJ13 breast cancer cells for 72 hours, with Doxorubicin serving as a positive control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">The results showed that Lupeol, \u03b2-sitosterol, caffeic acid, \u03c1-coumaric acid, and syringic acid were identified in different extracts. Additionally, the n-hexane extract exhibited cytotoxic activity against AMJ13 breast cancer cells, with an IC\u2085\u2080 value of 125.3 \u03bcg\/mL, given that the effect was dose- and time-dependent, and was significant compared with the standard drug Doxorubicin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">The study recommended further purification and structural characterization of the unidentified compounds in the plant <em>Senecio rowleyanus<\/em>. Also, to evaluate the possible synergistic effect of the n-hexane extract at higher concentrations or in combination with Doxorubicin against breast cancer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div id=\"cz_42554\" class=\"cz_grid_p cz_42554\"><div class=\"cz_grid cz_grid_1 clr cz_grid_c3 cz_grid_1_no_title cz_grid_1_mid tac\"><div class=\"cz_grid_item cz_grid_first\"><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture1\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture1-3.png\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture1-3-600x600.png\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture1-3-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture1-3-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture2\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture2-11.jpg\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture2-11-600x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture2\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture3\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture3-9.jpg\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture3-9-600x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture3\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture4\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture4-8.jpg\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture4-8-600x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture4\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture5\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture5-7.jpg\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture5-7-600x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture5\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cz_grid_item \"><div data-title=\"Picture6\"><a class=\"cz_grid_link \" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture6-5.jpg\" data-xtra-lightbox><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2025\/10\/Picture6-5-600x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-codevz_600_600\" alt=\"\" title=\"Picture6\" \/><div class=\"cz_grid_details\"><i class=\"fa fa-search cz_grid_icon\"><\/i><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] The College of Pharmacy discussed the MSc thesis entitled \u201cPhytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Cytotoxic Assessment of Senecio rowleyanus &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=11779\"><i class=\"fa czico-132-arrows-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>more<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":11781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,7,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news","category-dissuasion","category-last-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Cytotoxic Assessment of Senecio rowleyanus (Family: Asteraceae) Cultivated in Iraq - College of Pharmacy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=11779\" \/>\n<meta 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