{"id":14986,"date":"2026-04-05T06:58:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T06:58:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14986"},"modified":"2026-04-05T07:00:36","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T07:00:36","slug":"effects-of-conocarpus-erectus-leaves-extract-against-propylthiouracil-induced-hypothyroidism-in-female-rats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.copharm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14986","title":{"rendered":"Effects of Conocarpus erectus Leaves Extract Against Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism in Female Rats"},"content":{"rendered":"

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The College of Pharmacy discussed the PhD dissertation entitled \u201cEffects of Conocarpus Erectus Leaves Extract Against Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism in Female Rats \u201d by the student Mahmood Kahtan Ismail and the supervisor, Professor Dr. Shihab Hattab Mutlag, at the Pharmacology and Toxicology Department.<\/span><\/p>\n

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Conocarpus erectus <\/em>(C. erectus<\/em>) leaves extract against propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism in female rats.<\/span><\/p>\n

The study included sixty female rats divided into six groups of ten and treated as follows: group I rats received 1 mg\/kg\/day of 0.9 % sodium chloride solution by oral gavage for 5 weeks, group II rats received PTU orally at a dose of 10 mg\/kg\/day for five weeks, group III rats received PTU orally at a dose of 10 mg\/kg\/day for five weeks and 500 mg\/kg\/day of ethyl acetate extract of C. erectus <\/em>starting from week four, group IV rats received PTU orally at a dose of 10 mg\/kg\/day for five weeks and 1000 mg\/kg\/day of ethyl acetate extract of C. erectus<\/em> starting from week four, group V rats received PTU orally at a dose of 10 mg\/kg\/day for five weeks and 500 mg\/kg\/day of chloroform extract of C. erectus<\/em> starting from week four, group VI rats received PTU orally at a dose of 10 mg\/kg\/day for five weeks and 1000 mg\/kg\/day of chloroform extract of C. erectus<\/em> starting from week four. After 24 hours from the final administration, the rats were euthanized, and blood and thyroid tissue samples were collected for histopathological, biochemical and gene expression analyses.<\/span><\/p>\n

The results showed improvement in the structure of thyroid follicles and an increase in blood vessel formation in rats treated with C. erectus<\/em> extracts compared with the second group. Additionally, treatment with C. erectus<\/em> extracts reduced PTU-induced oxidative stress by increasing SOD, GPx and catalase levels, while decreasing MDA levels in serum. Furthermore, treatment with C. erectus<\/em> extracts alleviated inflammation induced by PTU by downregulating the gene expression of TNF-\u03b1, NLRP3, TRAIL, and NF-\u03baB in thyroid tissues. Moreover, treatment with Conocarpus erectus<\/em> extracts inhibited PTU-induced apoptosis by decreasing cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, and Bax protein levels, while increasing Bcl-2 levels in thyroid tissues.<\/span><\/p>\n

The study recommended conducting further research utilizing a larger scale of animals and longer time intervals. Also, preclinical and clinical evaluations of C. erectus <\/em>leaves extracts are required to confirm safety and establish their role as an adjuvant treatment for hypothyroidism.<\/span><\/p>\n

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